Diabetes is a growing health concern in many different parts of the world. It is a metabolic disorder. People with a family history of diabetes have a higher risk at developing diabetes. Type 1: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas. The pancreas contains clusters of cells referred to as islets. They are mainly composed of beta cells, which secrete the hormone, and some resident white blood cells. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system kills off the beta cells, greatly reducing the size of the islets. As the beta cells cannot produce enough insulin to keep up with the glucose level in the blood, blood sugar remains high. Over time, this causes the dreaded symptoms of the disease, such as glaucoma and diabetic neuropathy. Type 2: Type 2 diabetes is a disorder in which cells become resistant to insulin. Normally insulin binds to its receptor on the surface of the cell. Underneath the cell membrane, the receptor transmits the signal and begins a signal cascade. In type 2 diabetes, it is believed that insulin has its normal affinity for its receptor and vice versa, but the signal cascade does not start. This means that the cell does not take up glucose, and blood glucose remains high, leading to diabetes. Treatment: Patients are able to take injections of insulin to compensate for the decrease of insulin production from the pancreas. Metformin is used for type 2 diabetes (insulin resistance). It's exact molecular mechanism is unknown, but we do know that it suppresses glucose production by the liver and helps cells to absorb glucose. Prevention: Try not to eat junk food all day. That meaning, don't eat it as all your meals of the day. As long as you're on a diet not too high on sugar, and as long as you're not having cheetos with Pepsi everyday for all your meals, you should be fine. Prognosis: Diabetes can be well maintained if treatment is used correctly. Injections will become a daily habit. Those who leave their disease untreated will probably develop glaucoma, diabetic neuropathy, kidney failure, and increased susceptibility to infections, which could lead to gangrene, requiring amputations. However, as long as diabetes is treated properly, the patient should be fine. Thanks for reading. Will do these everyday lel
I knew someone at my church's hey had type two diabetes but they still are always smiling and always happy.
